Moog Taurus 3 Specifications download pdf (Page 57)

Page 58

Taurus 3 User’s Manual - Glossary

Page 59

Taurus 3 User’s Manual - Glossary

EEPROM – EEPROM stands for ‘Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory’. This is a type of

digital memory used to store information, even after the power is turned off. In the Taurus 3, the

EEPROM is used to store global settings and presets, and operating system parameters such as tuning

information.

Filter – A circuit that removes some frequencies and allows other frequencies to pass through the circuit.

A lter has a cutoff frequency that determines the point at which frequencies begin to be removed. A

lowpass lter is one in which frequencies above the cutoff frequency are removed and all frequencies

below the cutoff are passed through. A highpass lter is one in which frequencies below the cutoff

frequency are removed and frequencies above the cutoff are passed through. A bandpass lter has two

cutoff frequencies that dene a frequency band, outside of which the frequencies are removed.

Frequency – The rate of vibration in sound measured in Hertz (Hz or cycles per second). The average hearing

range of the human ear is from 20 to 20,000 Hz. Frequency corresponds to the musical term ‘pitch’, but the

two terms are not always interchangeable. Frequency is an objective measurement of a sound, while pitch

is the perception of a sound, low, high, or mid-ranged. A low frequency corresponds to a low-pitched sound

such as a bass; a high frequency sound corresponds to a high-pitched sound such as a piccolo. In music, a

change in pitch of one octave higher equals a doubling of the frequency.

Frequency Modulation – Also known as FM, Frequency Modulation describes the technique of using one

oscillator to modulate the frequency of another. In FM, the modulating oscillator is called the ‘modulator’,

while the other oscillator is known as the ‘carrier’. The carrier oscillator is the one you hear. When

the modulator frequency is very low (about 6Hz), the effect is described as vibrato. As the modulator

frequency is raised into the audio range, new modulation frequency components are created, and the effect

is perceived as adding new overtones to the carrier signal.

Glide – Also called portamento, is the slowing down of pitch changes as you play different notes on the

keyboard. Certain acoustic instruments, like the trombone or the violin, create this effect when the

performer adjusts the tubing or string length. The speed of the glide is the glide rate. In synthesizers,

a Glide Rate control determines the speed of the glide between notes.

Harmonic – A sound is made up of simple vibrations at many different frequencies (called harmonics) that give

a sound its particular character. This corresponds to the musical term timbre or tone color. A harmonic

sound, such as a vibrating string, is one in which the harmonics are mathematically related by what is called

the harmonic series. These sounds are typically pleasing to the ear and generally the consecutive vibrations

have the same characteristic shape or waveform. An enharmonic sound, such as a crash cymbal, is one

in which the harmonics are not mathematically related. Their waveforms look chaotic. White noise is an

enharmonic sound that contains equal amounts of all frequencies.

LED (Light Emitting Diode) – An electrical component that lights up when a voltage is applied.

Low Frequency Oscillator – Commonly referred to as an ‘LFO’, this is a special type of oscillator that gener-

ates signals primarily below the range of human hearing (generally below 20 Hz). LFOs are typically

used as a source of modulation. For instance, an LFO with a triangle waveform, set to about 6 Hz and

modulating the pitch of a VCO results in vibrato. Changing the LFO waveform to a square wave will

result in a trill. An LFO modulating a VCA with a triangle wave creates tremolo.

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Moog Taurus 3 Specifications Page 57

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